The process of acquiring American citizenship when you are not born a citizen or did not acquire citizenship through your parents is called naturalization. It is a process guided by certain naturalization requirements that the applicant must meet to become a U.S. citizen.
Before delving into the details of the naturalization process, let’s understand who can apply for naturalization.
Eligibility Criteria For U.S. Citizenship
To proceed with the naturalization process, you must meet the following eligibility criteria:
- Lawful permanent resident (Green Card holder) for at least five years
- Married to a U.S. citizen
- Active duty or veteran of the U.S. military
- Child of a U.S. citizen
If you meet the above eligibility requirements, you may start the naturalization process to apply for citizenship
The Naturalization Process
The naturalization process consists of 10 steps, as outlined by the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS). Here is an overview of each step.
Step 1: Understand the Process
Understanding the process is crucial before you embark on your journey to U.S. citizenship. It involves knowing the eligibility requirements, exceptions, accommodations, and most importantly, the USCIS Policy Manual: Citizenship and Naturalization.
Step 2: Prepare the Application Form (Form N-400)
Form N-400, Application for Naturalization, is the form used to apply for U.S. citizenship. It is available online and you can start by creating your free online account. Detailed instructions on how to complete Form N-400 are provided by USCIS.
Step 3: Collect Essential Documents
Collect all necessary documents to demonstrate your eligibility for naturalization. If you reside outside the United States, you will need to get 2 passport-style photos taken. USCIS provides a document checklist to ensure you collect all the required documents.
Step 4: Submit the Application
Once you have collected all the necessary documents and completed Form N-400, submit the application along with the necessary fees.
Step 5: Biometrics Appointment
USCIS will send you an appointment notice for biometrics if you need to take them. The notice includes your biometrics appointment date, time, and location. Arrive at the designated location at the scheduled time for your biometrics.
Step 6: Complete the Interview
USCIS will schedule an interview with you once all preliminary processes on your case are complete. You must report to the USCIS office at the date and time on your appointment notice.
Step 7: Receive a Decision from USCIS
USCIS will mail a notice of decision to you. If you filed your N-400 online, you can also access the electronic notice in your account. The decision could be a grant, continuation, or denial of your Form N-400.
Step 8: Take the Oath of Allegiance
If USCIS approves your Form N-400, you may be able to participate in a naturalization ceremony on the same day as your interview. At the ceremony, you will take the Oath of Allegiance to become a U.S. citizen.
Step 9: Receive Your Certificate of Naturalization
You will receive your Certificate of Naturalization at the naturalization ceremony. Review it and notify USCIS of any errors you see on your certificate before leaving the ceremony site.
Step 10: Understand Your Rights and Responsibilities
As a U.S. citizen, you have certain rights and responsibilities. It is important that you understand these rights and responsibilities and respect them.
Preparing For The Interview And Citizenship Test
For most people, one of the requirements during the interview is taking the U.S. naturalization test. This test has two parts: a civics test (U.S. history and government) and an English test. USCIS provides study resources to help you prepare for these tests.
If you meet certain age or disability qualifications, you may be exempt from the civics or English sections of the test.
Conclusion
Becoming a U.S. citizen through naturalization is a significant milestone in one’s life. It requires careful planning and preparation, rigorous application, and a clear understanding of the naturalization requirements and process. With the right guidance and resources, you can navigate through this process and achieve your American dream.
